Cameroon Celebrates National Day Amidst Calls for Unity and Healing

YAOUNDE, Cameroon — On May 20, 2025, Cameroon celebrates its 53rd National Day, a date that marks the unification of East and West Cameroon. However, this year’s observance comes amid deep divisions within the country, particularly impacting English-speaking regions.

The government, led by President Paul Biya, has declared this year’s theme as “Army and Nation United for a Cameroon Turned Towards Peace and Prosperity.” Despite official celebrations, many Anglophone Cameroonians see this day as a reminder of deep-seated grievances and a history of marginalization.

The origins of May 20 stem from the 1972 referendum orchestrated by then-President Ahmadou Ahidjo, which abolished the federal constitution in favor of a unitary state. Anglophone groups widely regard this shift as a betrayal that sparked decades of resentment and violence. Protests in recent years have met with fierce government crackdowns, and the ongoing conflict in the Anglophone regions has intensified humanitarian crises in the country.

According to reports, over 6,000 people have died, and more than 800,000 have been displaced due to the violence. Cities such as Bamenda and Kumba are now synonymous with military raids and civilian suffering. Activists emphasize that this day should prompt reflection and acknowledgment of these painful realities rather than merely celebratory displays.

Despite the government’s call for unity, many feel that the societal fractures cannot be mended through parades alone. Advocacy for justice, dialogue, and genuine federal reform is gaining traction as voices demand more significant recognition. “Unity cannot be declared. It must be earned,” stated a leading Anglophone activist.

As Cameroon observes National Day, the stark contrast between celebration and sorrow remains evident, illustrating the urgent need for national conversation and reconciliation.