James D. Watson, Pioneer of DNA Discovery, Dies at 97

LONG ISLAND, N.Y. — James D. Watson, the American biologist known for co-discovering the structure of DNA, has died at the age of 97. The Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory confirmed his death, which occurred in a hospice on Long Island this week.

Watson’s 1953 discovery, alongside Francis Crick, revealed the double helix structure of DNA, marking a significant milestone in genetics and paving the way for modern biotechnology. Their work changed the understanding of heredity and led to advancements in genetic engineering and medicine.

Despite his scientific achievements, Watson’s legacy has been marred by controversial remarks on genetics and race. These statements led to his ostracization from the scientific community, especially after he was forced to retire from his position at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in 2007.

Born on April 6, 1928, in Chicago, Watson graduated from the University of Chicago and later earned a Ph.D. from Indiana University. It was at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge that he met Crick and began their groundbreaking research.

In a 1953 paper, Watson and Crick noted that their proposed structure of DNA suggested a mechanism for copying genetic material, a key finding that underscored the importance of their work. Watson’s memoir, ‘The Double Helix,’ offered a candid account of their journey, though it also sparked controversy over the portrayal of other scientists, particularly Rosalind Franklin, whose vital contributions were not fully acknowledged.

Throughout his career, Watson continued to influence the field of molecular biology. After heading the Human Genome Project, he became the second individual to have his genome sequenced in 2007. Watson expressed a desire for open access to genetic information, advocating against the patenting of DNA sequences.

His complicated legacy reflects both his pivotal role in science and the divisive views he expressed. According to biologist Mark Ptashne, Watson “figured out how to do things that played to his strength” after achieving early fame, shaping the future of genetics research.