Mahalaya 2024: Cultural and Religious Significance Explored

Mahalaya, an integral event in Hindu tradition, is observed one day before the commencement of Navratri. This year, Mahalaya is being celebrated on October 2, marking the advent of Goddess Durga to the Earth. According to religious beliefs, it is on this day that Goddess Durga departs from her abode on Mount Kailash to descend upon the mortal realm.

The day of Mahalaya signifies the transition from ‘Pitru Paksha’ to ‘Debi Paksha,’ symbolizing the end of a period dedicated to paying homage to ancestors and the beginning of the worship of the Goddess. Drik Panchang notes that this year’s Ashwin month’s Krishna Paksha Amavasya, also known as Mahalaya Amavasya or Sarva Pitru Amavasya, began on October 1 at 9:34 PM and will conclude on the midnight of October 2 at 12:18 AM. Practices associated with Mahalaya include rituals meant to ensure peace and emancipation for departed souls, after which they supposedly return to the spiritual realm.

The observance of Mahalaya is also characterized by religious rituals such as ‘Chokkhu daan’ or giving eyes to the idol of Goddess Durga, which artisans traditionally perform. This ritual holds great importance as it symbolizes awakening the divine essence of the idol. On this day, devotees start preparing the pandals for welcoming the Goddess, adorning venues with decorations and illuminations.

The significance of Mahalaya extends beyond religious practices. It is a day filled with cultural resonances, where the recitation of the Mahishasuramarddini hymn, often broadcasted in the early hours, sets a spiritual tone throughout regions celebrating Durga Puja. The hymn narrates the story of the Goddess vanquishing the demon Mahishasura, a cornerstone of the Durga Puja celebrations.

For devotees, Mahalaya represents a time to offer respects to ancestors through ‘Shraddha‘ and ‘Tarpan‘ rituals. It is believed that performing these rituals with dedication ensures the blessings of the ancestors, who grant prosperity and well-being before returning to their heavenly abode. This day is also considered auspicious for worshipping the Peepal tree, where devotees light mustard oil lamps beneath the tree and circle it seven times.

As the festive streets fill with joy and vibrant colors, Mahalaya marks the ushering of hope and blessings. It is a time when community gatherings hold cultural performances and social events, celebrating the divine presence of Goddess Durga bringing harmony and positivity into the homes and lives of devotees.