Panama Releases Deported Migrants, Facing Uncertain Futures

PANAMA CITY (AP) — Following weeks of legal battles and human rights concerns, Panama released dozens of migrants on March 8, 2025. These individuals, deported from the United States, spent weeks in a remote camp under challenging conditions and were instructed to leave Panama within 30 days.

The release comes amid increasing scrutiny over the treatment of migrants in detention. Many, like 29-year-old Hayatullah Omagh, are now thrust into a precarious legal limbo. Omagh, who fled Afghanistan in 2022 after the Taliban regained control, expressed despair over his situation. “We are refugees. We do not have money. We cannot pay for a hotel in Panama City; we do not have relatives,” he told the Associated Press. “I can’t go back to Afghanistan under any circumstances. It is under the control of the Taliban, and they want to kill me. How can I go back?”

Authorities indicated that those released could apply for an extension of their stay, allowing up to 60 days to seek assistance, but many remain uncertain about their future. On Saturday, 65 migrants from countries including China, Russia, Pakistan, and Afghanistan were released into the bustling streets of Panama City, greeted by human rights advocates eager to provide shelter and support.

Among the released migrants was Nikita Gaponov, a 27-year-old from Russia who fled repression due to his LGBTQ+ identity. He recounted his experience at the U.S. border, stating, “Once I get off the bus, I’ll be sleeping on the ground tonight.” Many of those released have expressed a desire to return north, despite being previously deported. “We just want to go to the U.S.,” one migrant stated.

The situation arose as the U.S. government implemented policies to expedite deportations, sending many families to Panama as a temporary solution while preparing their return. Critics have labeled this arrangement as a method for the U.S. to export its deportation challenges.

Human rights advocates raised alarm during the migrants’ detention, sharing reports of inhumane conditions. Migrants detained in hotels in Panama complained through notes displayed in their windows, pleading for help. Detained individuals later transferred to a camp into the Darién region faced adverse conditions, including lack of access to their phones and legal teams.

Under international law, individuals fleeing violence and persecution have the right to seek asylum. Despite this, recent policies have raised concerns about the enforcement of these laws in Panama and neighboring Costa Rica. During a chaotic scene after the release, human rights lawyers reported at least three migrants requiring immediate medical care.

Omagh, reflecting on his plight, emphasized the dangers faced by individuals like him. Detained in the U.S. after asking to seek asylum, he was denied the opportunity to present his case and was ultimately deported back to a region he escaped. “My hope was freedom. Just freedom,” he lamented. He stated that he had made multiple requests to speak to an asylum officer, met with continuous denials.

Despite promises from Panamanian authorities about aiding deportees, many feel abandoned. Omagh noted that he has little hope now. He mentioned being told that resettlement options hinge on other countries accepting Afghans — an increasingly narrow prospect. “We do not accept asylum,” he quoted the Panamanian officials as telling him, underscoring his plight and that of many like him.

As the released migrants navigate an uncertain path forward, the plight of those still in detention remains dire, with rights groups continuing to advocate for humane treatment and fair legal representation.